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Sprains and strains are a description of what happens to the muscles,
and other non-bony structures connected to our bones, when they are put
under excessive pressure or strain. The result is swelling, pain, bruising
and loss or impairment of function of the affected area.
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The first thing you notice is pain, often severe. This is usually at
the time of injury, eg "going over on your ankle" or
twisting your knee, but some times the damage is done by repetitive
and less major strains and the pain becomes apparent later and
possibly even the following day.
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Swelling is often obvious, and this is usually very tender
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The area affected may be reddened and rather warmer than usual.
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Bruising usually appears, often away from the area most affected, as
blood which is released from the damaged soft tissues (muscles,
ligaments, and tendons) seeps out along the muscles and other
structures before coming near the skin.
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Pain and swelling causes the part affected to be difficult to use
normally.
If in doubt you should seek advice from an
Osteopath, nurse, physiotherapist or a
doctor. This may be available nearby at some sports clubs etc., or may
come from your own doctor's team, or possibly the accident and emergency
department at the hospital.
Most sprains and strains, although painful, can be dealt with by
someone who knows first aid, but sometimes there is more extensive damage,
eg a broken bone (fracture) or a complete rupture of a muscle or tendon.
Sometimes even a straightforward sprain can lead to complications. So if
in doubt seek professional advice.
The cornerstones of treatment are said to be RICE:However,
your Osteopath can help you with this.
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